创造社会企业生态系统:泰国发展社会企业的经验和启示

Creating a Social Enterprise Ecological Support System:Thailand's Experience in Developing Social Enterprise and Its Enlightenment

社会企业运用市场机制解决社会问题方面的潜力正得到越来越多国家和地区关注,如何促进社会企业发展成为新兴课题。本文以泰国发展社会企业的经验为研究对象,基于组织生态学理论,将社会企业视为具有生态特征的组织,分析多元主体在社会企业生命周期的不同阶段所扮演的角色和功能。研究发现,政府、市场、中介机构、大学和研究院以及国际组织是社会企业生态系统的重要参与者,其主体功能的有效发挥和彼此协力合作是促进一国或地区社会企业发展的关键因素。本文不仅从生态学理论视角丰富和拓展了社会企业的既有研究视野,对促进我国社会企业发展也具有实践上的指导意义。

The potential of social enterprises to solve social problems through marketing mecha- nism is attracting more and more attention from countries and regions, and how to promote social en- terprise development becomes an emerging topic. Taking Thailand as a research object, based on the theory of organizational ecology, this paper regards the social enterprise as an organization with eco- logical characteristics, and analyzes the role and function of the social subject in the different stages of the life cycle of the social enterprise. It is found that government, market, intermediary institu- tions, college research institutes and international organizations are all powerful participants in the creation of social enterprise ecosystem. Their respective roles and cooperation are the key to promote the development of social enterprises in a country or region. This paper not only enriches and ex- pands the research vision of social enterprises from the perspective of ecological theory, but also has practical guiding significance for China to promote the development of social enterprises.