明代万历年间崂山海印寺地产的佛道之争——一项法律人类学和历史人类学之研究

The Debate on Buddhism and Taoism in the Real Estate of Haiyin Temple in Laoshan Mountain During the Wanli Reign of Ming Dynasty——A Study of Legal and Historical Anthropology

明代万历年间,围绕着崂山海印寺地产发生了一起佛道之争。这场争讼涉及著名宗教人士憨山、耿义兰以及皇权人物明神宗和其母慈圣太后,是中国佛教史和道教史上一段著名公案。本文从法律人类学和历史人类学立场考察并讨论了这一案例。具体而言,本文运用了扩展个案法、情景分析法和文化交流理论分析了此案,并力争用文化交流理论去超越前两种研究方法。我们认为,作为一件民间法律纠纷,海印寺地产之争实际上向世界陈述了中国传统社会的某方面性质。而至于这一案件内部涉及的诸方在结构上也存在隐喻与转喻相并陈的文化交流模式。在中国开展法律人类学和历史人类学研究,不仅要重视社会经验层面的理解,更要注重经验层面之下的文化理论的考量。

it occurred a buddhist-Taoism dispute around the laoshan mountain Haiyin temple real estate during the Ming dynasty wanli years.The battle involved prominent religious figures including Han shan, Geng yi-lan, and the emperor Shen Zong and his mother.It is a famous case in the history of Chinese Buddhism and Taoism.This paper investigates and discusses this case from the standpoint of legal anthropology and historical anthropology.To be specific, this paper uses the extended case method, situational analysis and cultural exchange theory to analyze the case,and try to use the theory of cultural exchange to go beyond the first two research methods.In our opinion, as a civil legal dispute, the real estate dispute of Haiyin temple actually states some aspects of the nature of traditional Chinese society to the world.As for the aspects involved in this case, there are also cultural communication modes of metaphor and metonymy.The study of legal anthropology and historical anthropology in China should not only pay attention to the understanding of social experience, but also to the consideration of cultural theory.