民国时期国立中央大学农学家群体特征研究

Research on the Characteristics of the Agronomist Group of National Centre University in the Republic of China

民国时期国立中央大学农学院汇集了一批优秀的农学家,他们在作物品种选育、病虫害研究、畜牧兽医等方面都做出了卓越贡献。在他们的努力下,中大创立起国内领先乃至国际一流的农业学科,对中国近代农业的发展和农业科研人才的培养起了重要作用。本文以民国时期国立中央大学农学家群体为样本,对其年龄、籍贯、学科分布、留学状况进行计量分析。中大农学家群体主要来自于江浙及沿海城市,学科分布广泛且研究成果丰硕。其中90%以上具有留学经历,主要留学国家包括日本、美国及欧洲国家,求学专业和高校基本与于各国农业科技和农业教育的发展水平相关。受益于中大对师资引进的重视,农学家群体不断壮大,25~44岁的青壮年教师构成了这一群体的主力军。

In the Republic of China, School of Agriculture of National Central University brought together a group of excellent agriculturists, who made outstanding contributions to the breeding of crop varieties, research on pests and diseases, and animal husbandry and veterinary medicine. With their joint efforts, National Central University established a leading domestic and international agricultural discipline, which played an important role in the development of modern agriculture in China and the cultivation of agricultural scientific research talents. In this paper, the agronomist group of National Central University in the Republic of China was taken as the sample, and its age, native place, subject distribution and study status were measured and analyzed. The group of agronomist in National Central University mainly came from Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces and other coastal cities, who had a wide range of disciplines and abundant research results. More than 90% of them had overseas experience,mainly studying in countries including Japan, the United States and European countries. The majors and universities they chose were based on the development level of the science and technology or the agricultural education level. Benefiting from the great attention of faculty recruitment in National Central University, the agronomist group grew with young teachers aged from 25 to 44 constituting the main force.