唐代药用植物栽培史考述

Textual Research on the History of Medicinal Plants Cultivation in the Tang Dynasty

我国药用植物栽培历史源远流长,而唐代是其中一个重要阶段。唐代《千金翼方》"种造药"一节开创古代医书系统介绍药草栽培方法之先河。此外农书《四时纂要》、敦煌吐鲁番文书和唐人诗文皆为研究此期药草栽培史提供了宝贵材料。唐人掌握了包括择地择时、整地、作畦或作垄、种子处理、播种、施肥、浇灌、锄草、采收加工在内的完整的药草栽培流程,其中不乏技术创新,为后世药草栽培技术的发展奠定了基础。

The medicinal plants cultivation in China has a long history, and the Tang Dynasty was an important stage in it.The section of medicinal plants cultivation from Qianjin Yifang（Supplement to Invaluable Prescriptions for Ready Reference） in Tang Dynasty, pioneered the ancient medical books on systematical introduction to medicinal plants cultivation methods. In addition, the agricultural book Sishi Zuanyao（Essential Farm Activities in All Four Seasons）, documents about Dunhuang and Turfan, and poems in the Tang Dynasty provide valuable materials for the study of medicinal herb cultivation history. People in the Tang Dynasty mastered a complete herb cultivation process, including the timing, land selection, soil preparation, bedding or monopolization, seed treatment, seeding, fertilizing, watering, weeding, harvesting and processing. There were many technology innovations, which laid the foundation for the subsequent development of herb cultivation techniques.