建筑物爆炸噪声被阻断与衰减效应研究

Interdiction and Attenuation of Blast Noise from Exploding Building

目的通过实验研究,对建筑物爆炸现场中墙体对爆破噪声的阻断与衰减效应进行研究。方法采用浅坑道爆炸方式来模拟建筑物内部爆炸,利用沙袋堆积封堵来模拟阻断墙体,爆炸实验药剂选用TNT炸药,采用集团装药方式起爆,装药量分别为5、20、40、80、120kg。噪声测试地点距爆点400m。结果建筑物内部爆炸产生的爆炸噪声在多层墙体阻断和封堵条件下,明显降低了爆破噪声强度;阻断系数α=0.04n,n为阻断层数。结论通过爆炸噪声阻断与衰减效应的研究,可实现对爆炸噪声初始声压进行估算,为建筑物爆炸的爆炸当量分析和推算提供技术依据和方法。

Objective To study the blocking and attenuation of blast noise on the site of building explosion. Methods The shallow-tunnel explosion was used to simulate detonating the inside of building, and stacked sandbags to simulate the blocking wall. With TNT as the test explosive agent, pack-charging mode was adopted to detonate the respective load of 5, 20, 40, 80, 120kg. Results The blast noise from exploding inside the building obviously reduced its intensity by the blocking and sealing of multilayer wall, with the interdiction coeffecient α=0.04n （n representing the stacked layer number of blocking wall）. Conclusion According to the interdiction and attenuation of blast noise, an estimation can be made on the initial sound pressure of explosion noise, thereby providing a technical basis and method for analysis and calculation of explosive equivalent weight of building explosion.