“中小学教师职业幸福”的社会学分析

The Sociological Analysis of Teachers' Occupational Happiness in Primary and Secondary Schools

提高教师专业素质,突出教师特殊地位,构建幸福教师群体已成为新时期教师队伍建设的重要任务。基于马克斯·韦伯的社会分层理论,从职业声望、经济地位、教师自主权等社会结构要素进行分析,发现中小学教师职业声望、经济地位和专业自主权中所存在的问题折射出当前教师生存的困境,并据此提出了改革教师薪酬分配制度、树立教师道德模范和重构课堂模式等重构教师职业幸福的路径。

Improving the professional quality of teachers, highlighting the special status of teachers, and building a happy group of teachers have become an important task in the construction of teachers in the new era. Based on Weber＇s theory of social stratification, this paper analyzes the social structure elements such as professional prestige, economic status and teachers＇ autonomy, and finds that the existing problems of primary and secondary school teachers in these three aspects reflect the plight of the current situation of teachers＇ survival. This paper makes a targeted analysis and puts forward some ways to reconstruct teachers＇ professional happiness, such as reforming teachers＇ salary distribution system, setting up teachers＇ moral model and reconstructing classroom model.