熔融法处理垃圾焚烧飞灰过程中可溶盐的酸洗分离效果评估

Assessment of Soluble Salts Separating Effect by Acid Pickling from the Waste Incineration Fly Ash by Melting Method

针对垃圾焚烧飞灰中高含量的可溶盐组分钠、钾、氯会影响其资源化处置及利用的问题,利用高温熔融法处理飞灰,使原料飞灰中钠、钾、氯等可溶盐物质向烟气系统产生的3种浓缩灰中富集,并采用酸洗法对浓缩灰中上述物质进行分离,结果表明:最终产品建材基材中氯含量相比飞灰原料含量降幅58. 36%,浓缩灰(预除尘)、浓缩灰(急冷降温)、浓缩灰(布袋除尘)相比原料各成分的富集倍数分别为:钠1. 96、2. 90、5. 59倍;钾2. 17、3. 58、7. 47倍;氯3. 06、3. 93、5. 45倍,优良的富集效果为可溶盐成分回收提供了技术条件。

Focus on the problem that excess soluble salts in the waste incineration fly ash including sodium, potassium and chlorine will result in erosion and blocking of equipment and ilffluenee the disposal and utilization of the waste. In this study, we used the high temperature melting method to deal with the waste incineration fly ash, the majority of sodium, potassium and chlorine in the raw fly ash was enriched in three concentrated ash produced by the flue gas system, and then we separate the above salts in the fly ash by acid pickling. The results show that the concentration of chlorine in the final product of basic building material was significantly reduced 58.36% compared to the raw fly ash material. The enrichment factors of sodium in three kinks of concentrated fly ash （pre dusting, quench cooling and bag dust removal） were 1.96, 2. 90 and 5.59, respectively. The enrichment factors of potassium in three kinks of concentrated fly ash were 2.17, 3.58 and 7.47, respectively, and for chlorine, the enrichment factors were 3.06, 3.93 and 5.45, respectively. Excellent enrichment effect of sodium, potassium and chlorine provides technical conditions for the recovery of soluble salt components.