国内外院前急救社区化

Research and Prospect of Community-based Pre-hospital First Aid

急救社区化是指在突发危重急症,院前急救人员尚未到达现场之前,伤病员在社区获得最及时、有效的初步紧急医疗救助。急救社区化是院前急救的进一步延伸,其在院前急救网络中的作用亦越来越受到重视。构建院前急救社区化体系可以更好地整合社区急救与院前急救机构、医院急诊科之间的医疗资源,缩短急救反应时间,增强救治的时效性,使患者得到及时、准确、有效的现场救治;在突发重大公共事件时,作为临时紧急医疗救治所或转运站,为下一步的转运后送提供前哨支撑;同时负责对社区居民进行急救知识普及和急救技能的培训,提高社区第一目击者的自救和互救能力。

Community -based first aid refers to the most timely and effective initial emergency medical assistance received in the community before the arrival of hospital emergency medical personnel. It is an essential extension of pre - hospital first aid, and thus its role in pre - hospital emergency network is receiving increasing attention. The construction of community - based pre - hospital first aid system can better integrate the medical resources of the community, pre - hospital emergency institutions and the hospital emergency department, shorten the response time, enhance the timeliness of treatment, and ensure timely, accurate and effective rescue for the wounded and sick. In major disasters, community can serve as a temporary medical treatment site or transfer station, providing the outpost support for the following transport. It is also responsible for training community residents in popularizing the first aid knowledge and skills, which could promote self - help and mutual rescue capabilities of the first witnesses.