宅基地确权引发的性别分层思考

Gender Stratification Caused by the Right of Homestead

宅基地的集体分配始于20世纪60年代的中国农村,政府始终没有将其作为一项公共政策,而是交给了村集体讨论决定。从1960—1970年,农民个人可以申请宅基地,对于妇女申请没有限制。1980年至今,相当多的村庄对妇女申请宅基地提出限制。2000年以来,新农村建设开始,农民可以直接分配住房,村庄对男女区别对待成为普遍状况。这导致农村男女必须男娶女嫁,也强化了中国延续两千多年的父权制,并加剧了中国农村的性别分层。

The collective distribution of homestead began in rural China in 1960 s. The government has never regarded it as a public policy, but has given rights to the village to have collective discussion and decision. From 1960 to 1970,farmers could apply for homestead without restrictions on women＇s applications. Since 1980, quite a number of villages have put restrictions on women＇s application for homestead. Since 2000, the construction of a new countryside began. Farmers can directly distribute housing, and village＇s discrimination between men and women has become a common phenomenon. This makes men and women have to marry in rural areas,which strengthens patriarchal system of China for more than 2000 years, as well as intensifies the gender stratification in rural China.