2012—2016年中山市流感样病例哨点监测结果分析

Sentinel surveillance results of influenza-like cases in Zhongshan City(2012-2016)

目的分析中山市国家级流感哨点医院的流感样病例数和流感核酸检测结果,为防控流感提供可靠依据。方法选取中山市国家级流感哨点医院2012—2016年门急诊上报的流感样病例监测数据以及流感病原学检测结果进行统计分析。结果2012—2016年上报流感样病例104 414人,流感样病例就诊比例(ILI%)为4. 53%;以0～4岁及5～14岁2个年龄组为主,分别占47. 66%、23. 23%;每年冬春季节为流感高发季节;共采集流感样病例标本5 278例,核酸阳性879例,占16. 65%,且流感病毒核酸阳性比例呈逐年上升趋势,其中优势株为季H3 (8. 24%);整体上男性阳性率比例为53. 81%显著高于女性46. 19%,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论加强流感防控,尤其关注男性以及儿童流感病毒监控,并在冬春季节加强重视程度,另根据流感病毒寿命周期性特点,以及时发现流感病毒变异,利于预测流感疫情,并做好预防控制措施。

Objective To analyze the influenza like cases and the detection results of influenza nucleic acid in Zhongshan national influenza sentinel hospital. so as to provide a reliable basis for preventing and controlling influenza. Methods The surveillance data of influenza like illness reported in outpatient and emergency departments of Zhongshan national influenza sentinel hospital in 2012 -2016 years were collected and analyzed statistically. Results In the 2012 - 2016 year. 104 414 influenza like cases were detected.and the proportion of influenza like cases （ ILI%） was 4. 53%. the two age groups were 0 - 4 and 5 - 14 years old. accounting for47. 66% and 23. 23% respectively. the winter and spring season is a high season for influenza. 5 278 cases of influenza like caseswere collected. and 879 cases were positive for nucleic acid. accounting for 16. 65%. The positive proportion of influenza virus nucleicacid showed an increasing trend year by year. of which the dominant strain was H3（8. 24%）. on the whole. the positive rate of malewas 53. 81%. which was significantly higher than that of female 46. 19% （ P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion We should strengthen the prevention and control of influenza. especially in the surveillance of influenza in men and children. and pay more attention in the winter and spring. besides. according to the life cycle characteristics of influenza virus. detecting the influenza virus variation in time is helpful to predict influenza epidemic situation and make preventive measures.