一种混合动力汽车智能断路器及预警系统设计

Design of Intelligent Circuit Breaker and Early Warning System for Hybrid Automobiles

为了安全快速分断汽车故障线路,减少混合动力汽车自燃几率,设计了一种以AVR mega48为主控制器的组合式智能断路器,其智能控制模块包括短路故障能量释放电路、瞬时保护触发电路、故障状态显示和报警电路等,能够完成故障相电流检测、预警和电磁开关分断功能,实现汽车此类大直流开关组合电器的集成化、微型化和智能化优点。在常用HFV7型继电器结构上嵌入智能控制模块,安装到某混合动力客车上。经过实验表明,能有效降低故障过程对断路器触头的烧损,同时具备故障线路检测报警功能。该断路器也可应用到14V/42V双电压系统汽车或其他新能源汽车中,提高电气系统应对电流故障的承载容量。

In order to break car fault line securely and fast and reduce the probability of hybrid automobiles spontaneous combustion, a combined intelligent circuit breaker was designed with AVR mega48 controller, whose control module includes circuit for fault circuit energy releasing, transient protection trigger circuit, fault status display, alarm circuit and so on. It completes the fault phase line current detection, warning and electromagnetic switch breaking, and it realizes the integration, miniaturization and intelligence of electric appli-ance with high DC switching combination such as automobiles. In the experiment, the intelligent control mod-ule embedded in the commonly used HFV7 relay structure was equipped in a kind of hybrid automobiles. The experiment shows that it can effectively reduce the damage to the contact head of the circuit breaker during the fault process and can detect and alarm the fault line. This circuit breaker could also be applied to 14 V/42 V dual voltage system automobiles or other new energy automobiles to improve the capacity of electric system to cope with current fault.