海绵城市建设中七种常用乔木的耐淹性比较

Comparative Study on Waterlogging Tolerance of Seven Trees in the Sponge City Construction

在海绵城市建设背景下,为探究不同园林植物对水淹胁迫的生理响应,选取华北地区常用的7种乔木白蜡(Fraxinus chinensis)、法国梧桐(Platanus orientalis)、国槐(Sophora japonica)、香花槐(Robinia pseudoacacia Idaho)、合欢(Albizia julibrissin)、臭椿(Ailanthus altissima)和栾树(Koelreuteriapaniculata)为试验材料,进行40d水淹胁迫处理和7d排水恢复处理,筛选出耐水淹能力强的树种。结果表明:水淹胁迫40d后白蜡、法国梧桐、国槐、香花槐的叶片受害指数很低,叶绿素含量、光合气体参数、叶绿素荧光参数、渗透调节物质和丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化幅度较小,各指标在排水恢复7d后能回到正常水平;而合欢、臭椿、栾树的叶绿素含量、渗透调节物质含量、光合气体参数以及荧光参数都发生了显著下降,叶片受害指数较高,丙二醛大量积累。综合分析比较,7种乔木的耐淹能力依次为白蜡>国槐>法国梧桐>香花槐>臭椿>栾树>合欢。

In the context of the construction of sponge city, seven common trees which were widely used in North China, Fraxinus chinensis , Platanus orientalis , Sophora japonica , Robinia pseudoacacia ＇ Idaho ＇ , Albi zia julibrissin ,Ailanthus altissima and Koelreuteria paniculata were exposed to waterlogging for exploring their physiological responses to this stress and selecting the flood resistant species. The results showed that the injury indexes of Fraxinus chinensis, Platanus orientalis, Sophora japonica and Robinia pseudoacacia Idaho were low after 40 d flooding stress, and the content of chlorophyll, photosynthetic parameters, osmotic adjust ments, malondialdehyde （MDA） had little significant difference and could come to normal levels after recovery for 7 days. As for Albizia julibrissin ,Ailanthus altissima and Koelreuteria paniculata , the contents of chloro phyll,osmotic adjustments,photosynthetic parameters decreased significantly and failed to improve at the end of the experiment. The injury indexes of three were relatively higher and a large number of MDA accumulated. Analyzing the data comprehensively, the waterlogging tolerance of 7 species of trees were ranked as follows： Fraxinus chinensis〉 Sophora japonica 〉 Platanus orientalis〉Robinia pseudoacacia Idaho〉Ailanthus altissi ma 〉 Koelreuteria paniculata 〉Albizia julibrissin.