间充质干细胞来源外泌体在创面修复中的作用及其机制研究进展

Progress of Exosomes Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Repair of Cutaneous Wound in Relation to Function and Mechanism

外泌体是细胞分泌的直径30～100nm的脂质双层膜囊泡。间充质干细胞的许多功能可通过其旁分泌的外泌体发挥作用。研究表明,间充质干细胞来源外泌体能通过有效转运母细胞来源的特异性蛋白质、mRNA、microRNA、脂质等生物活性物质进入靶细胞,调控创面愈合过程中炎症反应、细胞增殖、迁移、分化、血管生成与基质重建等多个阶段,促进创面愈合与抑制瘢痕形成,提升创面修复能力,具有良好的临床应用前景。本文就间充质干细胞来源外泌体在创面修复中作用及机制进行综述。

Exosomes are lipid membrane-enclosed vesicles whose diameter is 30-100 nm secreted by various cell types, and mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） function via the paracrine pathway--exosomes. Recently, several studies have demonstrated that exosomes derived from MSCs can effectively carry bioactive substance into recipient cells, such as specific proteins, mRNAs, microRNAs and lipids derived from the parental cells. These mocular cargoes can regulate many biological processes in the repair of cutaneous wound, such as the inflammatory response, cell proliferation, cell migration, cell differentiation, blood vessel tube formation and matrix reconstruction, which not only promote wound healing but also inhibit the development of scar to enhance the capacity for wound repair. Therefore, exosomes derived from MSCs have a good clinical application prospect. This review will discuss the current literature regarding the role of exosomes derived from MSCs in cutaneous wound repair, especially the function and mechanism.