哈尔滨冬季景观用冰影响因素分析

Analysis of factors affecting ice use in Harbin winten landscape

近年来哈尔滨大力发展冰雪旅游产业,景观用冰量明显加大。对哈尔滨景观用冰影响因素进行分析,既有助于冰情预测,又对河道防护具有重要意义。以2017年为例,通过对用冰量、采冰、运冰等条件进行分析,指出:(1)哈尔滨景观用冰量很大,但采冰利用率却很低,冰量损失很大;(2)哈尔滨景观用冰主要有集中景观用冰和分散用冰两类;(3)松花江哈尔滨段冬季冰源丰富;(4)从采冰安全和冰厚方面考虑,采冰时间一般从每年12月开始,冰块尺寸为1. 6 m×0. 8 m×0. 3 m;(5)哈尔滨景观用冰运输便利。

In recent years, Harbin has vigorously developed the ice and snow tourism industry, and the demand for ice for landscape use has increased significantly. The analysis of the factors aft）cting the use of ice in Harbin has not only contributed to the prediction of ice conditions, but also has important significance for river protection. Taking Harbin 2017 as an example, the conditions of ice demand, ice picking and ice transporting are analyzed. It is concluded that： （1）Harbin landscape ice demand is veiny large, but the ice utilization rate is veiny low, and the ice loss is also very high; （2）Harbin landscape ice mainly includes concentrated landscape ice and scattered ice; （3） Songhua River can provide abundant ice storage due to its large flow and cold air flow in Harbin winter; （4）On considering ice safoty and ice tbilneces the ice-picking time generally starts from December of each year, the ice size is 1.6m×0.8m×0.3m; （5）Because of its unique geographical conditions, the Songhua River can provide convenient conditions for the transportation of ice in Harbin.