水稻种质资源耐旱性鉴定与评价

Identification and evaluation of drought tolerance for rice germplasm resources

为了发掘优良的耐旱水稻资源,试验以91份国内外水稻资源为材料,采用水作和旱作两种栽培模式考察不同水稻资源抽穗期和成熟期耐旱性差异。结果显示:干旱胁迫下水稻各产量构成因子均有不同程度下降,其中有效穗数下降最显著,表明有效穗数对干旱胁迫的响应比较敏感。根据各项指标胁迫系数的隶属函数值将供试品种分为3类:强耐旱、耐旱和敏感。共筛选出强耐旱品种17份、耐旱品种69份、敏感品种5份,这些耐旱资源为培育耐旱水稻品种提供了优良的材料。

In order to explore the excellent drought-tolerant rice resources, 91 domestic and foreign rice cultivars were examined, and ll-e differences in drought tolerance between heading and mamrily of different rice varielies were invesligaled by using two cultivation modes： wee and dry farming. The results showed that the yield components of rice decreased under drought stress, and the number of eftective panicles decreased most significantly, indicating that the effective panicle number was sensitive to drought stress. According to the membership fhnction values of the stress coefficients of each index, the tested varieties were divided into three categories： strong drought tolerance, drought tolerance and drought sensitivity. A total of 17 strong drought-tolerant varieties, 69 drought-tolerant varieties and 5 sensitive varieties were screened. These drought-tolerant resources should provide excellent materials for breeding drought-tolerant rice varieties.