我国装配式混凝土结构的研究与实践

Researches and applications of precast concrete structures in China

预制混凝土结构是装配式建筑以及市政、公路、铁路工程中最主要的结构形式之一,在我国已经有几十年的研究与工程应用历史。本文回顾了我国自20世纪50年代以来在装配式混凝土结构技术领域的主要研究工作和工程应用情况。结合国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目、"十三五"重点研发计划项目,着重总结了近十多年来中国建筑科学研究院(简称建研院)在装配式混凝土结构技术方面的研究进展,包括钢筋及构件连接技术、装配式混凝土框架结构体系、新型装配式剪力墙结构体系、多层墙板结构体系、外挂墙板体系等。结合研究及工程实践,介绍了建研院主编、参编的行业标准《装配式混凝土结构技术规程》等主要技术标准,并对我国在装配式混凝土结构领域存在的主要问题以及进一步研究和发展方向做了讨论。

Precast concrete structure is one of the main structural forms used in prefabricated buildings,municipal,highway and railway projects. It has been researched and used in China for decades. First the main researches and engineering applications of precast concrete structures in China since 1950 s are reviewed. Then the main research developments on precast concrete structures carried out by China Academy of Building Research（ CABR） are introduced,including steel rebar and component connection,precast concrete frame system,precast concrete shear wall system,multi-layer wall panel system,external architectural wall panel system,etc.. Based on researches and engineering practices,the main technical standards such as ＂Technical Specification for Precast Concrete Structures＂are introduced,the main existing problems and further researches needed for the development of precast concrete structures in the future are discussed.