电网信息物理系统的数据驱动架构设计及应用

Data-Driven Architecture Design and Application of Power Grid Cyber Physical System

为了实现信息系统和电力系统更加紧密的融合与协作,电网信息物理系统（power grid cyber physical system,PGCPS）需要满足数据驱动、软件定义、泛在连接、虚实映射、异构集成和系统自治六大特征。其中,数据驱动是PGCPS的灵魂,而软件定义则是PGCPS的实现形式,这两者共同构成了实现其余4大特征的基础,也是构建PGCPS的基础和难点所在。该文提出了一种基于数据驱动的系统设计方案——基于自律分散系统（autonomous decentralized system,ADS）理论的数据驱动系统架构及其关键技术：数据资源的抽象和数据交互机制。具体地,以数据元接口作为数据资源的抽象表达形式,并集成到信息交互协议中,从而将数据驱动和软件定义相融合,进而为基于ADS理论的数据驱动系统架构的横向扩展和纵向集成提供支撑,有助于实现该系统架构的泛在连接、异构集成和系统自治;提出了基于主动通信的数据交互机制,该机制定义了各模块的信息发布准则,并且提升了虚实映射的实时性和效率。该方案从系统架构、信息共享协议和数据交互机制3个维度支撑数据驱动系统架构的实现,为构建PGCPS奠定了坚实的基础。

In order to reinforce cooperation between information system and power system, power grid cyber physical system（PGCPS） needs to possess six characteristics： data drive, software definition, ubiquitous connection, virtual and real mapping, heterogeneous integration, and system autonomy. Among them, data drive is the soul of PGCPS, and software definition is the realization form of PGCPS. Together, these two constitute basis for remaining four characteristics and are foundation and difficulty for constructing PGCPS. This paper proposes a data-driven solution of system construction for PGCPS based on autonomous decentralized system（ADS） and its two key technologies： abstraction of data resources and data interaction mechanism. This paper proposes to use data-centric meta-interface as abstract representation of data resources and integrate it into information exchange protocols to fuse data drive with software definition, and then provide support for online scalability and recursive features of data-driven system architectures based on ADS theory. A data exchange mechanism based on active communication is proposed. The mechanism defines information release criteria of each module and improves real-time and efficiency of virtual and real mapping. The solution lays a solid foundation for PGCPS realization from three levels： system architecture, information sharing protocol and data interaction mechanism.