企业能力如何“动”“静”组合提升企业绩效?——能力理论视角下的追踪研究

How a Firm’s Configuration of Static and Dynamic Capabilities Contributes to Its Performance——A Longitudinal Analysis from the Perspective of Capability

现有研究主要关注某种或某几种特定能力的独立影响作用,很少注意不同能力间交互作用可能带来的综合影响。基于能力组合与匹配的视角,本文阐述了企业内静态能力(即技术能力)和动态能力(即双元能力和吸收能力)的组合对企业绩效的作用机制和效应差异。以300家中国企业为样本,采用多个数据来源和动态追踪的研究设计,在探讨技术能力对企业绩效独立影响效应的基础上,分析了技术创新与吸收能力、双元能力的匹配与组合对企业绩效产生的差异化影响效应。研究结果显示:技术能力与企业绩效之间存在先下降后上升的U型关系。吸收能力、双元能力正向调节技术能力与企业绩效之间的U型关系。

Different from the extant literature that emphasize impact of one or certain types of organizational capabilities, this paper takes capability configuration and fit perspective, based on capability-based view of the firm, explores the influence of firm＇s capability configuration of static capability（i.e., technological capability） and dynamic capabilities（i.e., absorptive capability and ambidextrous capability） on firm performance. Adopting 300 Chinese sample firms, taking multi-source and multi-time research design, this paper discusses the mechanism of technological capability on firm performance, and how they interact with absorptive capability and ambidextrous capability to affect differently firm performance. Our findings demonstrate： Technological capability has a U-shaped relationship with firm performance. Absorptive capability and ambidextrous capability positively moderate the U-shaped relationship between technological capability and firm performance. The paper also discusses the theoretical implication, research limitation and future directions.