基于销售返利契约的低碳供应链协调策略研究

Study on Low-carbon Supply Chain Coordination Strategy with Sales-rebate Contract

针对低碳供应链减排合作机制下的协调策略问题,引入销售返利机制,分别构建了制造商给消费者返利与收入共享契约、向下返利契约和制造商给消费者返利与减排成本分摊契约三种不同类型的契约模型,探讨在存在碳税和消费者低碳偏好情形下,销售返利契约对低碳供应链绩效的影响。假设在市场需求是线性的两阶段供应链中的制造商居于核心地位,运用博弈论模型,分别对所提出三种契约的有效性和灵活性进行分析研究。研究发现,在一定的条件下,制造商和零售商采用合适的协调契约形式可以获得更多的收益并能提高供应链的整体绩效,给出不同契约下双方的讨价还价空间并讨论了不同契约之间的相互关系。最后利用数值算例分析方法对结果进行了验证和说明。

Aiming at the cooperation strategy problem of enterprises＇ carbon emission reduction in low-carbon supply chain, we construct three different kinds of sales-rebate contract models namely sales-rebate and revenue sharing contract, downward sales-rebate contract, sales-rebate and reduction-emission cost sharing contract. This paper studies how the three types of sales-rebate contracts influence the performance of low-carbon supply chain under the circumstance of carbon tax and low carbon preference. Assuming the manufacturer is the core enterprise with linear demand, the paper analyzes effectiveness and flexibility of proposed contracts by game theory model. It is shown that under certain conditions both manufacturer and retailer can gain more profit by means of appropriate coordination contracts. At the same time, the performance of the supply chain is also improved. The range of bargaining strategies of the two parties under different contracts is determined and several important implications are derived analytically to point out relationship among characteristically different contracts. Results are illustrated with numerical examples.