民间外交主体的理论探讨

Theoretical Discussion of Subjects of People-to-People Diplomacy

外交是国家间关系的重要构成部分，一般而言，官方外交往往起主导作用。不同于官方外交，民间外交手段更为灵活，可以通过不拘形式的平等协商和交流来增进双方的理解和信任，能有效与官方外交配合并弥补其不足。民间外交主体既有人民性特征，也有有限性特征。民间外交主体在全球治理的诸多领域中已经在演绎着多重角色，发挥不同的作用。随着综合国力的提升，中国越来越接近国际舞台的中央，中国民间外交也继往开来，形成了多层次、多维度的交流框架，迈进了发展的黄金时代，其重要性正日益凸显。中国通过民间外交主动汲取民间智慧、发动民间力量、调动民众积极性，有利于促进国家外交目标的达成。

Different from official diplomacy, people-to-people diplomacy is more flexible and can voluntarily enhance mutual understanding and trust among participants through informal and equal consultations and exchanges, and thus it can effectively complement official diplomacy. People-to-People Diplomacy can effectively cooperate with official diplomacy and make up for its shortcomings. With the development of political multi-polarization, economic globalization, cultural diversity and social informatization, the actors of various fields of global governance are becoming more and more diverse, and the influence of civil participants is on the rise. With the development of China＇s comprehensive national strength, China is getting closer than ever to the center of the international stage, when China＇s People-to-People Diplomacy has stepped forward into the golden age of development. China＇s People-to-People Diplomacy has formed a multi-level and multi-dimensional framework for exchanges and its importance is growing. By means of People-to-People Diplomacy, China actively absorbs the wisdom, mobilizes the strength and arouses the enthusiasm of the people, in order to promote the achievement of the national diplomatic goals. Therefore, People-to-People Diplomacy of China is an indispensable complement to the official diplomacy.