四种常用化学杀虫剂与三种虫生真菌的相容性

Compatibility of Four Common Chemical Pesticides With Three Entomopathogenous Fungi

以4种化学杀虫剂(吡虫啉、噻虫嗪、呋虫胺、吡蚜酮)为试材,以3种虫生真菌(蜡蚧菌CA19、玫烟色拟青霉Pf16、球孢白僵菌Bb11)为供试菌,通过测量平板上真菌孢子萌发、菌落生长直径和产孢量,考察上述4种化学杀虫剂对蜡蚧菌、拟青霉和白僵菌的影响,以期明确常用化学杀虫剂与真菌杀虫剂的相容性,为虫生真菌的田间应用提供依据。结果表明:对于孢子萌发,噻虫嗪对蜡蚧菌孢子萌发抑制作用较大,其有效抑制中浓度EC50为464.0μg·mL^(-1),相较而言,二者之间相容性较差;吡蚜酮与球孢白僵菌的相容性较好,其EC50为7 560.4μg·mL^(-1)。对于菌丝生长,噻虫嗪对球孢白僵菌的菌丝生长的影响较大,其EC50为324.9μg·mL^(-1),相较而言,其与球孢白僵菌的相容性较差;吡蚜酮与蜡蚧菌的相容性较好,其EC50为23 390.8μg·mL^(-1)。对于产孢量,与田间使用浓度的处理(单位面积的菌落产孢量)相比,呋虫胺对球孢白僵菌的产孢量影响较大,二者之间相容性较差;其它处理组合,在药剂田间使用浓度下均可以相容。总体来看,在各农药田间推荐使用浓度下,各供试农药与蜡蚧菌、玫烟色拟青霉和球孢白僵菌之间均可相容,可选择性地使用。

Four common chemical pesticides （imidacloprid,thiamethoxam,insect amine,pymetrozine） were used as materials and three entomogenous funguses （Lecanicillium lecanii CA19 strain,Paecilomyces fumosoroseus Pf16 strain,Beauveria bassiana Bb11 strain） were used as the test fungi,using the methods of petri dish testing of conidial germination,mycelial growth and sporulation,the effect of the four chemical pesticides on conidial germination,mycelial growth and sporulation of the three funguses were examinated in laboratory for the reference to clear the compatibility of the chemical pesticides with the funguses.The results showed that for conidial germination,the effect of thiamethoxam on L.lecanii was maximum,the EC50 value was 464.0μg·mL^-1,by contrast,the least compatibility between them;the compatibility of pymetrozine with B.bassiana was the best,the EC50 value was 7560.4μg·mL^-1.For mycelial growth,the effect of thiamethoxam on B.bassiana was maximum,the EC50 value was 324.9μg·mL^-1,by contrast,the worst compatibility between them;the compatibility of pymetrozine with L.lecanii was the best,the EC50 value was 23 390.8μg·mL^-1.For sporulation,the effect of insect amine on B.bassiana was maximum,the least compatibility between them compared with sporulation of treatment under the field spraying concentration;other combinations under the condition of field spraying concentration were well compatible.Totally,under the condition of the field spraying concentration of the pesticides,the pesticides in the test could be compatibale with the fungi,it could be chosed to use in the field.