利用果(茶)枝屑栽培黑木耳配方筛选及其品质分析

Formula Screening of Auricularia auricular Cultivation and Quality Analysis

利用茶树和杨梅树整枝后的废弃枝屑为替代材料栽培黑木耳,通过测定黑木耳产量及品质,筛选最适基质配方,以期为黑木耳代料栽培提供替代基质,同时为果(茶)园剪枝废弃物处理提供新的途径。结果表明:茶树枝屑非常适合黑木耳的代料栽培,单独以茶树枝屑为主料的配方处理产量最高,每袋116.48g,随着茶树枝屑添加量减少产量逐渐降低;杨梅树枝屑单独作为黑木耳栽培主料的产量较低,但随着杨梅枝屑添加量的减少产量逐渐升高,当添加量为20%时,产量接近对照处理。使用替代材料后,黑木耳的粗蛋白、粗纤维、粗脂肪、总糖和总黄酮最高含量分别达到了190.97、61.40、16.25、490.25、2.47g·kg^(-1);微量元素和氨基酸含量也明显增加。因此,选择合理配方茶树枝屑和杨梅枝屑栽培黑木耳,可以促进其高产优质。

Cultivation of Auricularia auricular using two kinds of pruning waste （tea branches and myrica-like mosquitomam branches） as new basal ingredient for substrates was investigated,the yield and quality of Auriculara auricular was determined,the optimum media formula was screened,in order to supply substitution for Auricularia auricular cultivation,and new utilization way for agriculture residues.The results showed that tea branches were very suitable for A.auricular cultivation.When using tea branches alone as main ingredient the yield was the highest,116.48 g per bag,and the yield value gradually reduced along with the decrease of tea branches proportion.Anyway these values were all higher than the control.The yields on substrates prepared by myrica-like mosquitomam branches were all lower when compared with control.But when the proportion of myrica-like mosquitomam branches was 20%,the yield was acceptable.Further more,some physicchemical properties of A.auricular were also determined in this study.After adding substituting materials,the highest values of crude protein,crude fiber,crude fat,total sugar and total flavones in A.auricular were 190.97,61.40,16.25,490.25,2.47 g·kg^-1 respectively.In addition,the microelements and amino acid contents of A.auricular were abundant too.So cultivation of Auricularia auricula with reasonable formula of tea branches and myrica-like mosquitomam branches could promote its high yield and good quality.