某特大型锑矿区废石中锑的释放规律

Antimony Release Characteristics of Waste Rock from an Extra Large Antimony Mining Area

通过选取某特大型锑矿区废石开展了浸泡试验和淋滤试验,研究了不同环境因素(pH值、溶解氧、降雨强度)对废石中锑释放量的影响,对锑的溶解释放机理进行了探讨。研究结果表明:①偏酸性或偏碱性环境更有利于废石中锑的释放;②溶解氧对废石中锑的溶解释放有一定的促进作用,然而氧气可能并不是锑溶解释放过程中Sb(Ⅲ)氧化的主要因素;③降雨强度对废石中锑的溶解释放影响明显,模拟中雨强度更有利于锑的释放;④在开放的氧化环境中辉锑矿可能先氧化溶解生成锑中间产物,随后进一步氧化水解成锑酸盐。本研究可为锑矿区废石中锑的释放机理研究提供参考和借鉴,为矿区锑污染防控工作提供技术支撑。

After hundreds of years of mining,waste rocks lead to serious water and soil pollution in an oversize antimony mine.We made a study on waste rocks of the oversize antimony mine and designed different soaking tests and leaching tests to determine the effect of different environmental factors（pH,dissolved oxygen,rainfall intensity）on the release of antimony.Then,we discussed antimony release characteristics.The results show that：①acidic or alkaline environment is beneficial for the release of antimony in waste rocks.②High dissolved oxygen can accelerate the dissolution of antimony in waste rocks,but oxygen could not be the main factor of Sb（Ⅲ）oxidation.③Rainfall intensity has distinct effect on the release of antimony in waste stones,while moderate rainfall intensity is more advantageous to the release of antimony.④In the open system of oxidation environment,stibnite may generate intermediate first and become soluble antimonite further.This paper can provide reference for antimony mine solid waste research and provide technical support for pollution prevention and control technology.