中国居民传染病健康素养综合健康传播干预效果评价

Impact of comprehensive health communication on infectious disease specific health literacy among Chinese population

目的评价综合健康传播对中国居民传染病健康素养的干预效果,为有效提高居民健康素养提供参考依据。方法于2015年3—8月采取社区试验方法分别在中国东、中、西部地区抽取浙江省、湖北省、甘肃省中的城市社区、城市中学、农村社区、农村中学、工地和宾馆等六类场所居民分为干预组和对照组进行传染病健康素养宣传或综合健康传播干预,并于干预前、后采用中国居民传染病健康素养测评量表(IDSHL)分别对干预前干预组和对照组抽取的809和807人及干预后抽取的802和808人进行调查,比较2组居民干预前后的传染病健康素养得分变化情况,并评价综合健康传播的干预效果。结果干预前干预组和对照组居民传染病的基本知识与观念、传染病的预防、传染病管理和治疗、对病原体和传染源的辨认等传染病健康素养4个维度得分和总分差异均无统计学意义(均P> 0.05);干预后干预组居民传染病健康素养4个维度得分和总分分别为(9.25±3.04)、(7.86±2.15)、(5.40±2.39)、(5.35±2.33)和(27.86±7.30)分,均高于对照组居民的(7.70±2.97)、(7.50±2.19)、(4.51±2.55)、(4.54±2.38)和(24.25±7.02)分,差异均有统计学意义(均P <0.01);干预后干预组和对照组居民传染病健康素养4个维度得分和总分差异均有统计学意义(均P <0.01)。结论综合健康传播干预可有效提高中国居民的传染病健康素养。

Objective To study the impact of comprehensive health communication on infectious disease specific health literacy among Chinese population and to provide references for effectively promoting health literacy in Chinese residents.Methods Based on community trail design, we selected 6 sites（urban and rural communities, high schools in urban and rural areas, construction sites, and hotels） in each of the three provinces across China（Zhejiang, Hubei, and Gansu province in eastern, central, and western region） as research settings. Then we recruited 50 residents at each of the research sittings and assigned them randomly into an intervention group with a comprehensive health communication on infectious disease specific health literacy and a control group with a general health literacy promotion between March and August 2016. The effect of the intervention was measured with the Infectious Disease Specific Health Literacy Scale（IDSHL） among the participants sampled from the intervention groups（n = 809 and n = 802） and the control groups（n = 807 and n = 808） before and after the 6-month intervention program. Results No significant differences in overall score and four dimension scores of IDSHL were observed between the participants of the intervention and the control groups before the intervention program（P〈0.05 for all）; while after the intervention significantly higher overall and dimension scores were observed among the participants of intervention groups compared to those of the control groups（overall score of IDSHL： 27.86 ± 7.30 vs. 24.25 ±7.02; basic knowledge and concept on infectious disease： 9.25 ± 3.04 vs. 7.70 ± 2.97; prevention of infectious disease： 7.86 ±2.15 vs. 7.50 ± 2.19; management and treatment of infectious disease： 5.40 ± 2.39 vs. 4.51 ± 2.55; and cognition on pathogens and pathogenic resources of infectious diseases： 5.35 ± 2.33 vs. 4.54 ± 2.38）（P〈0.01 for all）. There were significant differences in the overall score and the four dimension scores of IDSHL for all the participants in both the intervention and the control groups after the intervention（all P〈0.01）. Conclusion Comprehensive health communication intervention can effectively improve the infectious diseases specific health literacy among urban and rural residents in China.