微震自动定位与可靠性综合评价系统及应用

System of microseismic automatic location and reliability comprehensive evaluation and applications

为了进一步提高微震自动定位精度,并实时对定位可靠性进行综合评价,首先,研究提出了基于小波分析的微震波形瞬时频率算法和可变分辨率的包络函数,建立了以瞬时频率和包络函数为特征函数序列的微震波形到时自动拾取方法(IFEPM),实现了微震波形高精度到时自动拾取;研究提出了到时差值分析表和台站残差公式,建立了基于到时差值分析和残差分析的微震异常波形自动识别模型(APSIM),对延迟波和外部异常波两种干扰波形进行有效的自动识别和剔除。结合IFEPM和APSIM,采用L1范数和Simplex震源定位算法,建立了微震自动定位方法(AMSLM)。其次,提出了评价微震定位可靠性的事件残差指标R、敏感度指标S、触发序列指标H和综合评分指标I,在此基础上建立了微震定位可靠性综合评价体系(SLRES)。最后,将AMSLM和SLRES相结合,建立了微震自动定位与可靠性综合评价系统(AMLRES),设计开发了AMLRES软件并在煤矿现场进行了爆破试验验证和应用研究。研究结果表明:AMLRES实现了微震的高精度自动定位,并且能够实时对自动定位可靠性进行有效评价,满足现场微震监测需求。

In order to improve accuracy of the automatic microseismic source location further as well as the reliability of evaluating the microseismic source location timely, the instantaneous frequency computational algorithm based on wavelet transform and the envelope function with alterable resolution have been proposed firstly, then the automatic picking microseismic waves arrival time method（IFEPM） is established, which uses the instantaneous frequency and envelope function as the characteristic function sequences. IFEPM can pick high accuracy arrival times automatically. The table of arrival time difference analysis and station residual equation are studied and proposed. The microseismic outlier waves automatic identification model（APSIM） is built based on the arrival time differences and station residual analysis. APSIM can recognize and eliminate the delayed waves and external outlier waves effectively and automatically. By using the IFEPM, APSIM, L1 norm and the Simplex microseismic source location algorithm, the microseismic automatic location method（AMSLM） is developed. Secondly, indexes including event residual, sensitivity hit sequence and comprehensive evaluation are proposed. on this basis, a reliability comprehensive evaluation system（SLRES） is built up to evaluate the microseismic source location reliability. Finally, based on the AMSLM and SLRES, a microseismic automatic location and reliability comprehensive evaluation system（AMLRES） is established and the AMLRES software is developed by using C# and matlab hybrid programming approach. The verification blasting tests and the successful applications at a coalmine show that the AMLRES can achieve the high accuracy source location automatically and can evaluate the source location reliability in real time. It meets practices requirements.