中国地区贫困与社会发展不匹配问题

The Mismatch between Poverty and Social Development in China

中国各省城的贫困程度和经济社会发展水平及其匹配性都存在巨大差异，低发展地区有低贫困现象存在，高发展地区也有高贫困的问题．本文从减贫因素地区差异性的角度研究了贫困与社会发展水平的这种不匹配现象，通过分析各因素对不同类型地区贫困水平影响的差异性，探讨了各类型地区的形成原因和减贫路径．本文认为高发展一高贫困地区减贫的重点在于收入差距的缩小以及基本公共服务均等化的加强，要增加贫困人口分享发展成果的机会和能力：而低发展一低贫困地区的减贫经验在于公共财政良好的调节作用，包括偏向穷人的财政分配制度和有效的财政支出支持．

Poverty and social development level in China is hugely diverse from different areas, some provinces with high development level could suffer high poverty issues and some low developed areas could get the lower poverty level. In this paper, we analyzed the mismatch by classifying the provinces into four types and distinguishing the different effects of poverty factors on their poverty level. We concluded that the ＂high development high poverty＂ areas should focus on reducing income inequality and strengthening the equalization of public service to reduce poverty; and the ＂low development low poverty＂ provinces are benefit from their good regulation effect of government finance.