5-HT_(1A)受体参与常见精神疾病病理机制及5-HT_(1A)受体部分激动剂的潜在治疗效应研究进展

Advance on role of 5-HT_(1A) receptor in psychopathology of mental disorders and potential therapeutic effects of 5-HT_(1A) receptor partial agonist

5-羟色胺(5-HT)是脑内重要的神经递质,参与神经可塑性调节。5-HT突触间隙、神经元内5-HT水平和5-HT受体功能等变化,均可能改变脑内神经发育过程,导致各种精神疾病发生。5-HT有多种受体亚型,其中5-HT_(1A)受体是最重要的一类受体,作为5-HT的负反馈调节受体,分布于突触前膜或胞体,调节5-HT神经元的兴奋性(放电活动)和突触前膜5-HT的释放;作为突触后膜受体,分布于锥体神经元和中间神经元等,调节神经可塑性,在焦虑障碍、抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍和精神分裂症等常见精神疾病病理机制中起着重要作用。本文系统回顾5-HT_(1A)受体参与上述精神疾病的病理机制研究,提示5-HT_(1A)受体部分激动剂的潜在治疗价值。

Serotonin（ 5-HT） is a neurotransmitter that plays an important role in neuronal plasticity.Variations in the levels of 5-HT in the synaptic cleft or neurons and the dysfunction of 5-HT receptors may alter brain development and predispose to various mental diseases. Given the diversity of 5-HT receptors, 5-HT1A receptor（ 5-HT1AR） is the most important receptor, both an autoreceptor of 5-HT expressed in presynaptic membrane and cell bodies to modulate the firing of cell and release of 5-HT, and a postsynaptic receptor expressed in pyramidal neurons and interneurons to modulate the neuronal plasticity, involved in the psychopathology of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and schizophrenia. This paper reviewed the involvement of 5-HT1AR in the pathogenesis of these mental disorders suggesting the potential therapeutic value of 5-HT1AR partial agonists in treating anxiety, depression and schizophrenia.