改革开放以来的行政调解:适用瓶颈与解决路径

Administrative Mediation since the Reform and Opening up:The Barriers of the Application and Solutions

行政调解是行政解决民事纠纷的重要手段之一,经历运动式发展与逐渐法治化发展的阶段。目前仍然存在行政调解法律属性不清、行政调解的主体不明确、对行政调解范围理解存在差异、行政调解程序缺位、行政调解协议的效力模糊等问题。为了使行政调解发挥作为行政解决民事纠纷的手段的实效性,应该明确行政调解主体不能局限于行政机关,还包括法律、法规、规章授权的组织,须有授权才可调解,应该规范行政调解程序,明确调解自愿的原则,明确法院对行政调解协议进行司法确认的程序,经确认后的调解协议书应具有强制执行力。

Administrative mediation is one of the important means to solve a civil dispute, experienced in the development of several stages and gradual legalization. At present, there are still some problems such as unclear legal attributes of administrative mediation, unclear bodies of mediation, difference in understanding of the scope of administrative mediation, absence of mediation procedure and vague effectiveness of mediation agreement. In order to make the administrative mediation an effective way to solve a civil dispute, the bodies of administrative mediation cannot be confined to an administrative organ but include other organizations authorized by the laws and regulations, the procedures of administrative mediation should be standardized, the principle of voluntary mediation should be emphasized, the procedures for judicial confirmation of administrative mediation agreement should be clear and the mediation agreement should be a compulsory execution after confirmation.