中国开发区发展阶段与时空分布特征研究

A study of the development phase and spatial-temporal patterns of China's development zones

本文系统收集整理中国各类开发区基础数据,基于GIS平台建立"中国开发区地理空间数据库"。将中国开发区发展进程划分为起步、快速、规范和创新4个发展阶段。运用标准差椭圆和核密度分析方法,对中国开发区时空分布特征和产业分布特征进行分析。结果表明:(1)中国开发区发展经历了由集聚到分散、不均衡到均衡分布的进程,开发区重心经历了由东向西的转移过程;(2)中国开发区地域分布特征上表现出明显的东多西少,并以城市群形成组团分布的态势,省域密度分布上以上海、天津和江苏分布密度最高,各类型开发区依其性质不同而呈现出不同的分布状态;(3)中国开发区的产业分布特征上,开发区主要以制造业为主导产业,各类型产业分布具有明显空间差异性。基于分析结果,对中国开发区空间优化发展提出了政策建议。

In this paper, the basic data of various development zones in China are collected and sorted out systematically. The development process of Chinat development zones is mainly divided into 4 stages - preliminary phases, rapid developing phase, standard developing phase and innovative phase. Using the standard deviation ellipse method and kernel density estimation meth-od, the evolution of spatial-temporal patterns of china＇s development zones is analyzed and explored. The results show that ： 1 ） China＇s development zones experienced the distribution from agglomeration to disperse, from unbalanced to balanced; further-more, the center of the development zones moved from east to west; 2） Eastern China has more development zones comparing that in the Western China, and most development zones are located in urban agglomerations. Also the provincial density distribution in Shanghai, Tianjin and Jiangsu is the highest. All kinds of development zones distribute in accordance with their specific natures and present a different distribution; and 3 ） In terms of the industrial distribution characteristics of China＇s development zones, the development zones are mainly dominated by manufacturing industries, and there are obvious spatial differences among different types of industries. Based on the analysis results, we put forward some policy suggestions for the space optimization de-velopment of China development zone.