包头市2016-2017年梅毒流行状况

Epidemiological features of syphilis in Baotou, 2016-2017

目的研究2016—2017年包头市梅毒疫情流行特征及分布规律,找到梅毒防治重点人群,为制定全市梅毒防治措施提供科学参考依据。方法通过《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》收集2016—2017年包头市上报的梅毒病例,对其进行流行病学描述。结果 2016—2017年包头市共报告梅毒病例为2 351例,年报告发病率分别为32.83/10万、44.83/10万,其中以隐性梅毒发病例数最多占2016年的68.23%,占2017年的70.88%,发病率分别为24.13/10万,31.78/10万,且呈现上升趋势,以胎传梅毒和三期梅毒最少;男性病例多于女性,男女性别比为1.1∶1;发病年龄主要集中在20～<50岁年龄段,占报告病例总数的60.40%;年龄在55～<75岁呈现另外一个小高峰,占报告病例总数的24.37%;职业以家务及待业为主,分别占2016年的47.1%、占2017年的44.89%,其次为农民及离退人员。结论包头市梅毒疫情总体呈现上升趋势,是严重的公共卫生问题,应针对重点人群加强梅毒相关卫生知识宣传教育,提高群众自我保护意识及能力,减少梅毒对公众的危害。

Objective To study the epidemic characteristics and distribution of syphilis in Baotou City from 2016 to2017, and find out the key population for syphilis prevention and control, so as to provide scientific reference for theformulation of syphilis prevention and control measures in Baotou City. Methods Syphilis cases reported in Baotou City from2016 to 2017 were collected through the Disease Monitoring Information Reporting and Management System, and theirepidemiological description was carried out. Results A total of 2 351 syphilis cases were reported in Baotou City from 2016 to 2017. The annual reported incidence rates were 32.83/100 000 and 44.83/100 000 respectively in the two years. Amongthem, the number of latent syphilis cases accounted for 68.23% in 2016 and 70.88% in 2017. The incidence rates were 24.13/100 000 and 31.78/100 000 respectively, which showed an upward trend, with fetal syphilis and tertiary syphilis being theleast. There were more male cases than female ones and the ratio of male to female was 1.1∶1. The age of onset was mainly 20～ 50 years old and the age group, accounting for 60.40% of the total number of reported cases. There was another small peakat 55 ～ 75 years old, accounting for 24.37% of the total number of reported cases. The occupation was dominated byhousehold chores and unemployment, accounting for 47.1 % in 2016 and 44.89 % in 2017 respectively, followed by farmersand retirees. Conclusions The epidemic situation of syphilis in Baotou City is on the rise as a whole, which is a seriouspublic health problem. Propaganda and education on syphilis-related health knowledge should be strengthened for keypopulation groups so as to improve their awareness and ability of self-protection and reduce the harm of syphilis to the public.