农村肺结核患者治疗影响因素分析

Influencing factors of treatment of rural tuberculosis patients

目的了解南宁市武鸣区农村肺结核患者治疗影响因素,为提高肺结核患者治疗规则服药率、治疗成功率提供依据。方法对2014年9月—2016年5月登记的250例肺结核患者治疗前基本情况和影响因素进行问卷调查,并对患者及家属进行门诊宣教,患者治疗结束后,应用χ~2检验及Logistic回归多因素分析治疗影响因素。结果250例肺结核患者规则服药219例,占87.60%,治疗成功236例,占94.40%。χ~2检验分析显示,患者对结核病的认识情况、家庭人员的照顾情况、药物不良反应情况均对规则服药、治疗成功具有统计学意义,痰涂片情况对规则服药具有统计学意义。Logistic回归多因素分析显示,对规则服药的影响:患者对结核病的认识>痰涂片情况>家庭人员的照顾情况>药物不良反应情况;对治疗成功的影响:家庭人员的照顾情况>药物不良反应情况,而患者对结核病的认识对治疗成功的影响没有前两者明显。结论提高患者对结核病知识的认识,落实家属人员对肺结核患者的支持与照顾,是提高肺结核患者治疗规则服药和治疗成功的关键。

Objective To understand the factors affecting the treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis（TB） inrural areas of Wuming District, so as to provide the evidence for increasing the treatment rate and success rate of them.Methods From September 2014 to May 2016, the clinic registered 250 TB patients were investigated by questionnaires fortheir basic conditions and influencing factors before the treatment, and these patients and their families were given healtheducation. After the treatment, the influencing factors of treatment were analyzed by χ~2 test and logistic regression multivariateanalysis. Results Of the 250 patients, there were 219 patients（87.60%） having regular medication, and the success rate was94.40%（236 cases）. χ~2 test showed that patients＇ awareness of TB, family care situation, and adverse reactions had statisticalsignificance for regular medication and treatment success. The status of sputum smear had statistical significance for regularmedication. The logistic regression multivariate analysis showed that the influencing factors of regular medication werepatients＇ understanding of TB sputum smear family members＇ care drug adverse reactions; the influencing factors oftreatment success were family members＇ care drug adverse reactions. However, the patient＇s understanding of TB had noobvious influence on the treatment success. Conclusion To improve the knowledge of TB patients and family members＇ careis the key to increase the regular medication and treatment success.