论北魏六镇的军粮问题

Research on Army provisions of Six Towns in Northern Wei

北魏为安置降虏而置的北魏六镇,在建立之初对其北境的军事防御起到了重要作用,而其中军粮补给问题亦是重中之重。六镇军食所需,除来自本镇屯田所得,尚有一部分倚仗临近州镇补给。六镇周围皆择交通要道而建有辅助性的戍城与军仓,以备不虞。北魏后期锐意汉化,六镇地位由隆转衰,新迁屯民占据了镇民的多数。太和之后,旱灾频发,而镇将专擅腴美之地,致使镇民日困,由怀荒镇民请粮失败为导火索,最终导致了六镇之乱的爆发。

The Northern Wei, once upon a time, had builded six military towns across it＇s north boarder, in order to resettlement the captives from the Rouran Khaganate. In the early stage, the six towns played an important role in military defense. And as a matter of course, the army provisions of six towns became a problem which had to be tackled off, correspondingly. According to the historical materials, the channel of transportation of army provision among six towns, beside relying on supplement from other neighbourly military towns and courties, is the spare foodstuff which was reserved by the barns of these military towns. The chief commander of the town, had the power of in charge of the fields and foodstuff of these towns. At the later stage of Northern Wei, more and more fileds were embezzled by the commander, and gradually the citizens had no more fields to support their daily life,correspondingly. With the intensification of contradictions, these citizens who had no more provion and foodstuff hold a revolution, which finally leading to the fall of the Northern Wei.