《官场现形记》称谓词语的构成形式及语用原则

The Combination Law and Pragmatic Principles of Appellations in Revelation of the Officials True Features

《官场现形记》中的称谓词语存在着一定的组合规律。从构成形式来看,它可以分为两类:单纯称谓和复合称谓。单纯称谓可以独立使用,也可用作复合称谓中的组成单位。复合称谓包括定中组合、同位组合和复杂的嵌套组合。语料库的分类数据统计显示,小说中人物在使用称谓词语时,在等差原则、表敬原则和情感原则等语用原则的支配下,高频次使用了官衔称谓、敬谦称谓和亲属称谓。

There is a certain law of combining appellation words in Revelation of the officials True Features . The law, formally, falls into two categories： simple appellation and compound appellation. Simple appellation can be used independently or as a structural unit component in compound appellation, whereas compound appellation consists of simple “ding-zhong” combination, simple “tong-wei” combination and complex nested combination. The classification data of the corpus shows that when using appellation words, the characters in the novel utilize official titles, courtesy titles and relative appellations, in accordance with pragmatic principles such as unequal principle, expression respect principle and emotion principle.