长链非编码RNA在胆囊癌中作用的研究进展

Advances of long non-coding RNA in gallbladder cancer

胆囊癌是胆道系统中最常见且具有高度侵袭性的恶性肿瘤。根治性手术是原发性胆囊癌患者早期可能获得治愈的唯一方法,然而大多数胆囊癌都是在发病的晚期才诊断出来,并且传统放化疗对于胆囊癌的治疗帮助非常有限,对总体生存率影响不大。随着胆囊癌分子生物学机制研究的日益完善,越来越多的证据表明长链非编RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)与胆囊癌的发生发展密切相关,在肿瘤细胞凋亡调控、肿瘤浸润与转移等过程中发挥着促癌或抑癌作用,针对LncRNA靶向诊断或治疗胆囊癌的研究显示出广阔的发展前景。该文综述了近些年来LncRNA在胆囊癌中的研究进展,希望为胆囊癌提供新的治疗靶点,提高并改善胆囊癌的化疗效果。

Gallbladder cancer is the most common and aggressive malignancy of the biliary tract. Complete surgical resection is the only potentially curative approach in early stage. However, most cases are diagnosed in advanced stages and the response to traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy is extremely limited, with a modest impact on overall survival. With the recent progress in understanding the molecular alterations of gallbladder cancer, long non-coding RNAs（LncRNAs） has emerged as the key regulators of gene expression and appears to play vital roles in the regulation of multiple cellular biological processes, including apoptosis, tumor invasion and metastasis. LncRNA is hopefully to become a new type of molecular marker and therapeutic target in the diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder cancer.This review discusses the recent remarkable progress in understanding LncRNAs that represent novel prognosis molecular markers and therapeutic targets for gallbladder cancer, which will provide opportunities for research and for developing innovative strategies that may enhance the benefit of conventional chemotherapy.