河南省63043例女性宫颈脱落细胞HPV基因分型分析

Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus in 63043 Cervical Exfoliated Cells from Women in Henan

目的对河南省63043例女性宫颈脱落细胞进行人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)基因分型检测,了解HPV基因感染现状和变化情况,为宫颈癌的筛查、预防和治疗提供参考依据。方法采用PCR-反向斑点杂交分型技术,对2012～2016年河南省63043例女性的宫颈脱落细胞进行核酸提取和HPV基因分型检测。结果在63043例女性宫颈脱落细胞中,21种HPV基因亚型均被检出,总HPV、单一HPV、多重HPV、单纯高危型HPV、单纯低危型HPV以及合并高低危HPV阳性检出率分别为28. 7%、20. 1%、8. 6%、20. 9%、4. 1%、3. 7%。检出率较高的3种HPV亚型分别是HPV-16 (7. 0%),HPV-52(4. 3%)和HPV-58 (3. 4%)。60岁以下女性随年龄的增长,总HPV、高危型HPV、低危型HPV和多重HPV阳性检出率均呈现"U型"变化曲线,年龄≤25岁和56～60岁是检出高峰期(P <0. 05);总HPV、高危型HPV和多重HPV阳性检出率2014～2016年较2012～2013年有所上升,同一年龄段2012～2016年间阳性检出率相比,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论河南省HPV阳性检出率较高且近年有所上升,应重视该地区≤25岁和56～60岁女性HPV筛查。包含HPV-16、HPV-52和HPV-58常见亚型的新型多价宫颈癌疫苗可能为该地区宫颈癌的预防和治疗提供更高的保护作用。

Objective To detect the prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus （HPV） in Henan province for cervical cancer screening, prevention and treatment. Methods Between 2012 and 2016, a total of 63043 cervical exfoliated cell samples from women in Henan province were collected and the HPV genotypes were tested by gene array and flow-through hybridization. Results Twenty-one HPV genotypes were all detected in this study. The prevalences （ n =63043） of the total HPV, single infection HPV, multiple infection HPV, high risk（HR）-HPV, low risk（LR）-HPV, mixed HR-HPV and LR-HPV were 28.7%,20.1%,8.6%,20.9%,4.1%,3.7%, respectively. HPV-16 was the most prevalent genotype （7.0%）, followed by HPV-52 （4.3%） and HPV-58 （3.4%）. ＂U＂ shape of age-specific prevalence of the total HPV, HR-HPV, LR-HPV and multiple infection HPV was appeared in women under age 60, age ≤25 and 56-60 year-old group were two peaks of HPV infection （ P 〈0.05）. Compared with 2012-2013, the prevalences of the total HPV, HR-HPV and multiple infection HPV in 2014-2016 have risen, the HPV prevalences in the same age-group between 2012-2016 were statistically significant （ P 〈0.05）. Conclusion The prevalence of HPV in Henan province is a little high and has been rising in recent years. The data support close surveillance of women aged ≤25 years and 56-60 years for cervical cancer screening, and HPV prophylactic vaccines including HPV16, HPV 52 and HPV 58 may offer higher protection for women in this area.