海平面上升对海南岛沿海地区的影响

Influence of Sea Level Rise on Coastal Areas of Hainan Island

因气候变暖导致的海平面上升是全球面临的海洋问题。为加强海南岛的海洋防灾减灾工作,保障其沿海地区的生态环境和经济社会发展,文章在调查评估的基础上,分析海平面上升对海南岛沿海地区的影响,并提出对策建议。研究结果表明:我国沿海海平面总体呈波动上升趋势,海南岛沿海海平面的上升速率居全国之首;海平面上升对海南岛沿海地区的影响主要包括淹没滨海低地和减小旅游区沙滩面积,加重风暴潮、海岸侵蚀、海水入侵和土壤盐渍化、洪涝的灾害程度以及影响海岸防护设施等方面;在海南岛沿海地区发展中,应充分考虑海平面上升的因素,加强灾害风险抵御能力建设、城市科学规划、海平面观测和监测以及受损岸线整治修复等工作。

Rising sea level caused by climate warming is a global marine problem. In order to strengthen the marine disaster prevention and mitigation of Hainan Island and ensure the ecologi- cal environment and economic and social development of its coastal areas, this paper analyzed the impact of sea level rise on the coastal areas of Hainan Island on the basis of investigation and as- sessment,and put forward countermeasures and suggestions. The results showed that the coastal sea level in China was fluctuating upward,and the rate of the coastal sea level rise of Hainan Is- land was the highest in China. The impacts of sea level rise on coastal areas of Hainan Island mainly included submerging coastal lowlands and reducing the area of tourist beaches,aggravating the damage extent of the disaster of storm surges, coastal erosion, seawater intrusion and soil salinization,flood and waterlogging,and impacting coastal protection facilities.In the development of coastal areas of Hainan Island, the factors of sea level rise should be fully taken into account in strengthening capacity building against disaster risk, urban scientific planning, sea level observation and monitoring,and the rehabilitation of damaged shorelines.