牙周炎和牙周健康状态的大鼠牙周组织中M1/M2型巨噬细胞的分布和比例

Distribution and proportion of M1/M2 macrophages in periodontal tissues in rats with and without periodontitis

目的了解大鼠牙周炎和牙周健康状态时牙周组织中M1/M2型巨噬细胞的分布和比例。方法选取雄性SD大鼠12只,随机分为慢性牙周炎组(chronic periodontitis,CP)(n=6)和牙周健康组(periodontal health,PH)(n=6),CP组采用结扎丝结扎下颌第一磨牙构建牙周炎模型,经组织病理学检查确认牙周炎模型构建成功。用诱导型一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitric oxide synthase,i NOS)标记M1型巨噬细胞,用CD163标记M2型巨噬细胞,采用免疫组织化学和免疫荧光法了解两组M1型和M2型巨噬细胞的分布,并比较两组M1/M2。结果 PH组M1型巨噬细胞计数为12.17±1.40,CP组M1型巨噬细胞计数为40.00±3.20,两组差异具有统计学意义(t=7.96,P<0.0001)。PH组M2型巨噬细胞计数为4.50±1.09,CP组M2型巨噬细胞计数为5.33±0.67,两组差异无统计学意义(t=0.65,P=0.53)。PH组M1/M2比值为3.72±1.08,CP组M1/M2比值为8.31±1.37,两组差异具有统计学意义(t=2.63,P=0.025)。结论牙周炎时,M1型巨噬细胞明显增多,分布更加广泛,其可能参与了牙周炎的进展,并可能与牙骨质破坏密切相关。

Objective To investigate the distribution and proportion of M1/M2 macrophages in the periodontal tissues of rats with and without periodontitis.Method Twelve Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a chronic periodontitis group （CP, n = 6） and a periodontal health group （PH, n = 6）. The periodontitis model was induced at the first mandibular molar using a stainless steel ligature and was confirmed by histological analysis. M1 macrophages were labeled with inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS）, and M2 macrophages were labeled with CD163. The distributions of M1 and M2 macrophages in the two groups were determined via immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, and the M1/M2 ratios were compared between the two groups.Results The M1 type macrophage count in the PH group was 12.17 ± 1.40, and the M1 macrophage count in the CP group was 40.00 ± 3.20; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups （t = 7.96, P〈0.0001）. The M2 macrophage count in the PH group was 4.50 ± 1.09, and the M2 type macrophage count in the CP group was 5.33 ± 0.67. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups （t = 0.65, P = 0.53）. The M1/M2 ratio in the CP group was 3.72 ± 1.08, and the M1/M2 ratio in the PH group was 8.31 ± 1.37; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups （t = 2.63, P= 0.025）.Conclusion During periodontitis, M1 macrophages increased significantly and were widely distributed; they may be involved in the progression of periodontitis and may be closely related to the destruction of the cementum.