三维有限元分析在单侧上颌骨缺损修复中的应用进展

Research progress of three-dimensional finite element analysis in unilateral maxillary defect restorations

单侧上颌骨缺损是临床常见的颌面畸形,因其缺损范围较大及结构的复杂性,在修复重建时常使修复体及支持组织应力分布不均导致患者口内软组织出现压痛、破溃、甚至基牙的松动脱落等。因此,近年来常用三维有限元法指导赝复体的设计和植体的植入,该方法有利于修复体的固位、稳定,有利于保护余留组织的健康,以提高修复体的使用质量和患者的满意度。本文就单侧上颌骨缺损有限元模型的建立,及三维有限元在传统式赝复体、种植支持式赝复体、外科组织瓣移植联合赝复体修复单侧上颌骨缺损中的应用及进展进行综述。

Unilateral maxillary defects are common clinical maxillofacial deformities. Because of their large area and the complexity of the maxillary structure, the distribution of pressure from dental prostheses and on the sustentacular tissue is usually uneven, which often results in pain or ulceration of the soft tissue and agomphiasis during the therapeutic process. Recently, the finite element method has been used to guide prosthesis design and implantation. This method is conducive to the restoration and stability of the dental prosthesis and the protection of the remaining tissue, which improves restoration quality and patient satisfaction. This paper summarizes the establishment of a three-dimensional finite element model of unilateral maxillary defects and its application in repairing unilateral maxillary defects with traditional prostheses, implant-supported prostheses and surgical flap transplantation combined with prostheses.