特色小镇融入城市群发展的路径探讨

Path of Integrating Characteristic Towns into the Development of Urban Agglomerations

伴随着城镇化的快速推进,城市群内部城乡二元对立、区域发展不均衡等问题愈发凸显。作为对传统小城镇发展模式的突破与超越,特色小镇的建设和培育为破解这一难题提供了可能。根据生产、生活、生态"三生融合"的政策目标,特色小镇将有力打破城乡二元结构中的要素流动障碍,缩小城乡差距,实现城市群内区域协调发展。对于创建中的浙江省特色小镇,根据其空间布局的不同,可划分为中心镇、卫星镇和专业镇三种类型。可以通过产业修缮、城市修补、生态修复三类功能的有机结合,增强城市群内部的经济社会联系,营造城乡高效互动、区域协调发展的城市群体系,推动新型城镇化高质量发展。

China has now entered the stage of rapid urbanization. As an important spatial entity of new-type urbanization, an urban agglomeration has played an extremely important role in economic development and future urbanization. However, at present, in China＇s urban agglomerations, there exists a serious problem of inadequate coordination in development with unequal exchange of factors between urban and rural areas. The capacity of resources and environment in large cities is limited while small and medium-sized cities and small towns are underdeveloped, and are caught in a vicious circle of economic inefficiency and waste of resources. The rise of characteristic towns has made it possible to break through this vicious circle and to explore a new model for small towns to serve urban agglomerations. Compared with traditional small towns, the characteristic towns not only feature the ＂production＂ concept with industrial development, industrial transformation and upgrading as the focus, but also feature the ＂ life＂ concept of facility and service improvement and the ＂ ecology＂ concept of improving the quality of human habitat. Adhering to the policy objective of ＂three-concept integration＂, the characteristic towns have both industrial support and employment attractiveness, which will maximize the production-city integration, change the trend of excessive resource accumulation into large cities, and break fetters on the factor flow in the urban-rural dual structure. This is a huge boost to the formation of a new pattern of urban-rural interaction and regional integration within the entire urban agglomeration system and promotes the high-quality development of new urbanization. Based on this, this paper takes Zhejiang Province as an example and applies the theory of interregional divergence in categorizing the characteristic towns under construction into central towns, satellite towns and special towns according to their spatial layout. The paper elaborates on the spatial layout and functional differentiation of different types of characteristic towns based on the policy objectives of integrating production, life, and ecology： the central towns located in the central cities or important node cities are attracting high-end professionals while developing industries with high added value. They will ultimately complete industrial upgrading and gentlemanization, and enhance the radiation capacity of the central cities. The satellite towns located on the outskirts of the central cities and within the metropolitan area will take in the industries and population of the main urban districts, attract labor from their surrounding villages and towns, thus expanding the radiation range of the central cities, and solving the problem of ＂residence cities＂. The special towns located in the development zone between urban agglomerations will take advantage of their natural resources or historical industrial foundation to promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries and attract labor to return. They will become new growth poles in the urban agglomeration in leading industrial development in their surrounding areas.