西藏冬青稞种质资源的主要形态性状分析

Major Morphological Traits Analyses on Germplasm Resources of Tibet Winter Barley

为发掘西藏冬青稞种质的优异遗传资源,对67份冬青稞种质资源的形态性状进行分析。结果表明:①西藏冬青稞种质的形态性状存在丰富的遗传变异,具有矮秆、穗数多、穗粒重高和千粒重偏低等特点;②相关分析表明西藏青稞各农艺性状间存在复杂的相关性,如单株粒重与单株有效穗数、每穗小穗数与穗长、穗粒数与穗长、单株粒重与穗粒数呈极显著的正相关,单株粒重与单株有效穗数呈极显著的正偏相关;③主成分分析将西藏冬青稞种质8个农艺性状分为5个主成分,其累积贡献率为87.4759%,每穗小穗数、穗粒数的贡献率最高,达到32.7022%;④供试材料在遗传距离5.21水平上可聚为4大类,分为半矮秆短穗多粒型、矮秆长穗少粒型、高秆多穗粒重穗、半矮秆多穗粒重型等4种类型。

In order to explore the excellent genetic resources on germplasm of Tibet winter barley,morphological traits analyses on 67 kinds of winter barley germplasm resources were studied. The results showed that：（ i） Abundant genetic variations on morphological characters of the Tibet winter barley germplasm were presented,including dwarf,multi-spike,high panicle weight,low grain weight and other characteristics;（ ii） Correlation analysis showed that complex correlations presented between the various agronomic traits of Tibet’s highland barley,such as,the relationships between grain weight per plant and effective spike numbers per plant,number of spikelet per spike and spike length,grain numbers per spike and spike length,grain weight and grain number per plant,all presented significant positive correlation,while grain weight per plant and effective spike number per plant presented a highly significant positive partial correlation;（ iii） Principal component analysis divided the 8 agronomic traits of the Tibet winter barley germplasms into 5 main components,whose cumulative contribution rate was 87. 4759 %,where both the spikelet numbers per spike and the grain numbers per spike presented the highest contribution rate,up to 32. 7022 %;（ iv） Materials for test on a genetic distance of 5. 21 level may be grouped into four clusters： semi-dwarf with short spike multi-grain type,dwarf with long spike less grain type,high plant with multi-grain heavy spike type and semi-dwarf with multi-grain heavy spike type.