义利之辨:传统义利观的嬗变及其启示——从朱熹到康有为

The Argument of Righteousness and Benefit: the Evolution of the Traditional Concept of Righteousness and Benefit and its Enlightenment——From Zhu Xi to Kang Youwei

义利之辨是中国传统伦理道德思想的重要命题。南宋理学家朱熹在继承先秦儒家义利之辨的基础上,引理入义,比较系统地提出重义轻利、以义制利的价值观。时至晚清,康有为批判朱熹等理学家徒陈高义而轻鄙功利的态度,转而对人欲多加肯定,并主张重利兼义、以义生利的观念。义利之间源于人的自然属性与社会属性,需要在与时俱进中相互统一,而同时作为社会道德原则,崇尚道义又具有超越功利的普遍意义。

The argument of righteousness and benefit is an important proposition of Chinese traditional ethical and moral ideas. Zhu Xi, who is the Southern Song Dynasty- scholar inherits confueian Justice on the lemma in righteousness, systematically puts forward the value justice above material gains. From the late Qing Dynasty, Kang Youwei criticized confueianists such as Zhu Xi light rustic utilitarian attitude, instead of people to more positive, and advocate righteousness, righteousness and profit concept. Righteousness and profit derive from the natural and social attributes of human beings. They need to keep pace with the times in the process of mutual unity. At the same time, ＂righteousness＂ is a social moral principle, advocating morality and having universal significance beyond utilitarian.