汉英句式翻译中人称与物称主语使用差异对比——以《傲慢与偏见》中文版和《骆驼祥子》英译本为例

A Comparison of the Different Usage of Personal and Impersonal Subject between Chinese and English Sentences Translation——Taking Chinese Version Pride and Prejudice and English Version Rickshaw Boy as an Example

中西方主客体意识的对立在一定程度上造成了汉语重人称、英语重物称的表达手法。该文从人称与物称的视角出发,选取葛浩文翻译的《骆驼祥子》英译版和王科一翻译的《傲慢与偏见》中文版为例,分析了英语表达中"无灵主语+有灵动词"、it作非人称主语、there be句型以及被动语态的汉译策略,汉语表达中有灵主语和有灵动词搭配的英译策略,译者应根据译入语注意汉英人称与物称的转换,以期译出信、达、雅的效果。

To a certain extent, the antagonism between Chinese and Western subject and object consciousness leads to the expression of Chinese with personal subject and English with impersonal subject. Taking Chinese Version Pride and Prejudice translated by Wang Keyi and English Version Rickshaw Boy translated by Ge Haowen as an example, based on personal subject and impersonal subject, the phenomenon of translation strategies in English expression of subject＋ animate verb, it as a formal subject, there be and passive voice is analyzed, but the expression of the combination of active subject and active word in Chinese sentence translation, are analyzed in this paper. Therefore, the translators should master the expression conversion between personal subject Chinese and impersonal subject English according to the target language, so as to achieve the translation effectiveness of faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance.