氟喹诺酮类药物的禁忌证、不良反应及临床合理用药对策

Contraindications and Adverse Reactions of Fluoroquinolones and their Countermeasures for Rational Use of Drugs in Clinical

目的研究氟喹诺酮类药物的禁忌证以及不良反应并采取有效的临床用药对策。方法抽取2016年10月～2018年3月在我院接受氟喹诺酮类药物治疗并出现不良反应的患者275例,回顾性分析氟喹诺酮类药物不良反应患者性别、年龄情况、给药途径、给药方式、不同年龄段患者不良反应发生时间以及恢复时间、不良反应累及器官以及组织。结果男性患者出现不良反应发生率高于女性患者,31～40岁患者出现不良反应的比率高于其他年龄段患者,静脉注射为主要给药途径,所占比率高于其他给药方式,单独用药比率高于联合用药,18～30岁、31～40岁年龄段患者不良反应发生时间长于其他年龄段患者,恢复时间短于其他年龄段患者,皮肤系统不良反应发生率高于其他系统以及器官不良反应发生率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。18～30周岁年龄段患者与31～40岁年龄段患者不良反应发生时间、恢复时间,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论临床应用氟喹诺酮类药物时必须严格掌握药物适应证以及禁忌证并确定最佳给药途径和方式,尽量抑制不合理用药发生率,以提升用药安全性。

Objective To study contraindications and adverse reactions of fluoroquinolones and to take effective clinical countermeasures.Methods A total of 275 patients who received fluoroquinolone therapy and had adverse reactions in our hospital from October 2016 to March 2018 were retrospectively analyzed for gender,age, route of administration, and mode of administration of fluoroquinolone adverse reactions.The time of adverse reactions and recovery time,adverse reactions involving organs and tissues in patients of different ages.Results The incidence of adverse reactions in male patients is higher than that in female patients.The incidence of adverse reactions in patients aged 31-40 years is higher than that in other age groups.Intravenous injection is the main route of administration,and the proportion is higher than other modes of administration.The rate of drug use alone was higher than that of combination therapy.Patients with 18 to 30 years old and 31 to 40 years old had longer adverse reactions than other age groups.The recovery time was shorter than that of other age groups.The incidence of adverse reactions in the skin system was higher than that in other systems and organ adverse reactions,and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.There was no significant difference in the time and recovery time of adverse reactions between patients aged 18-30 years and those aged 31-40 years （-P〉O.O5）.Conclusion The clinical application of flueroquinolone drugs must strictly control the indications and contraindications of the drug and determine the optimal route and mode of administration,and try to inhibit the incidence of irrational drug use to improve the safety of drug use.