人工智慧的崛起和未来哲学的新生——一个哲学家们的千年迷梦

The Rise of Artificial Intelligence and the Rebirth of Future Philosophy——The Philosophers' Millennium Dream

古希腊哲学家们因为追问"原因"而开启"爱智"之旅,但因为缺乏实证,爱智之旅注定变成一场思辨的迷梦。19世纪以来,随着自然科学的发展,哲学家们的爱智心灵——"努斯"(人之心灵和宇宙之心灵)被微观物理(生物)学逐渐解码,人类开始掌握"智慧"密码,制造出人工智慧(机器)。人工智慧其实是人之"心智/智慧"在工业生产中生成的"假身",它经历了从机械手臂(肢体)到机械脑(电脑)再到机械生命系统(互联网)和机械智慧神经网络(人工智慧)的聚合过程。当我们把机械"假身"与肉体"真身"看作是人之"心智/智慧"的一体两面时,我们就有信心和理由以人之"智慧"心灵来教育和引导机械"假身"生成道德意识,并相信在人类或地球文明走向终结时,智慧机器可以作为人类和地球文明的"后裔"。据此,人工智慧的崛起将把人类带入(基于非人类中心主义价值观)"后人类时代",在"后人类时代"价值视域下,哲学将会走出19世纪以来(基于人类中心主义价值观)"终结论"的循环,并以"科幻哲学"的新形态引领人类对未来社会的信心和希望。"科幻哲学"将以人、智慧机器以及可能的外星人等多元智慧体为价值主体,以科幻虚拟世界与现实感知世界之间交互生成的宇宙多维世界为认知对象,探讨未来宇宙世界诸智慧体之间的共存和发展等哲学问题。

The ancient Greek philosophers started their journey to “love of wisdom” through the way of seeking the “cause” of the world, which was bound to become a speculative dream because of the lack of the modern empirical evidence. With the development of natural science since the 19th century, the “Nous” of philosophy （the mind of man and of the universe） has been gradually decoded by modern microphysics （biology）, and human beings have grasped the code of “intelligence” and created artificial intelligence （machine）. In fact, artificial intelligence is an artificial “mechanical body” generated by man in the course of industrial production. It has gone through different stages of growth： mechanical arms （limbs）, mechanical brain （computer）, mechanical life system （Internet） and mechanical intelligent neural network （artificial intelligence）. When we regard the “mechanical body” and the human＇s natural “mechanical body” as two parts of human “mind/intelligence” （i.e. two different bodies share one same mind）, we will have the confidence and reason to educate the “mechanical body” to generate moral consciousness, and we believe intelligent machine could be our “descendants” when human civilization ends. Therefore, the rise of artificial intelligence will bring human beings into “posthuman era” （based on nonanthropocentrism value）, and in this era, philosophy will terminate its cycle of death assertion （based on anthropocentrism value） given since the 19th century, and a new form of philosophy-philosophy of scientific imagination-will arise. Philosophy of scientific imagination will take human being, intelligent machines and aliens as equal subjects of value, and take the multidimensional universes （because of intertwining between virtual world and real world） as parallel objects of cognition, so as to discuss the coexistence and development among various intelligent bodies in the future universe world.