康德自由意志伦理思想探析——基于《道德形而上学的奠基》

Kant's Idea of Free Will Ethics——Based on “The Foundation of Moral Metaphysics

《道德形而上学的奠基》是研究康德伦理思想的重要著作,文章主要对此书的三个部分进行了内容梳理和分析。康德从普通的道德理性知识抽象出道德形而上学这一实践哲学,提出定言命令,作为对人们行为准则的规定;该命令引申出的三个实践原则确立起自由意志的自己立法;意志自律原则作为一个先天综合命题,必须通过对纯粹实践理性进行批判性考察才能被完全先天地认识。

“The Foundation of Moral Metaphysics” is an important work on Kant’s ethical thoughts. In this paper,three parts of the book are analyzed and teased. Kant abstracted the moral metaphysics from the moral rational knowledge,and put forward “categorical Command ” as people’s code of conduct. Three practical principles derived by categorical Command established free will which legislates the law free. Self-discipline principle,an innately synthetic proposition,can be known by inspecting critically pure practical reason.