船舶“隐性”配员不足情形之分析

Analysis on ship's “hiding” insufficient manning

船舶配员不足一直是水上安全监管中最为普遍的违法情形,特别是中小型内河船舶,配员不足情形频有发生,严重影响水上航行安全。一些明显的配员不足情形如"无人无证""有人无证""有证无人"和"小证大用"较为容易查处,而由于对规则规定的理解不同或者误解也会导致一些"隐性"配员不足情形的出现。笔者结合自身海事执法经验,对隐性配员问题进行介绍和分析。

Under-manning is one of the most commonly-seen problems in maritime administration, especially among medium and small-size river-going vessels. It is easy to identify and handle some obvious conditions of under-manning, e.g. employment of those without certificates, actual under-manning despite adequate certificates, and under-manning with inferior certificates. However, due to differed understanding of rules and regulations, some inconspicuous under-manning conditions may also occur. In view of the author’s own experience in maritime law enforcement, the paper analyzes the problems of inconspicuous under-manning.