智库在日本安保政策形成中的影响——兼论“另类日本型”安保智库的作用

The Influence of Think Tanks in the Formation of Japanese Security Policy——And the Role of a Different Type of Japanese Think Tank

日本的安保智库,在相应的政策制定过程中虽然作用受到制约,但仍具有可观的影响力。在日本安全防卫领域具有一定影响力的智库,大致可以划分为四类:官方研究机构、准官方专业思想库、经济单位附属的调研机构、各种临时咨询委员会或小组。这些智库对日本安保决策的影响途径主要有自下而上、自上而下、平面对流三种。综合而言,四类智库中的第四种,情况与其他国家相异,在日本主要安保决策和文件拟定中,发挥了重要作用,可称为"另类日本型"安保智库。当今时代,需要引起注意的是,包括另类形态在内的日本安保智库的研究内容和政治立场,带有明显的价值观和政策倾向,对中日关系改善、中国对日本公共外交,提出了现实的挑战。

Japan＇s security think tank, though limited in its r influence. The think tanks with certain influence in the field into four categories： official research institutions, quasi off ole in policy formulation, still has considerable of Japanese security and defense can be divided icial professional think tanks, research institu tions affiliated with economic units, various ad hoc advisory committees or groups. These think tanks in fluence Japan＇s security decision making mainly in three ways： bottom up, top down, and plane convec tion. Generally speaking, the fourth of the four categories of think tanks, different from those in other countries, plays an important role in the formation of important security decisions and documents in Ja pan, which can be called the ＂alternative Japanese type＂ security think tank. In the current era, the re search contents and political positions of the Japanese security think tanks, including other types of think tanks, have obvious values and policy tendencies, which pose realistic challenges to the improvement of S no Japan relations and China＇s public diplomacy towards Japan.