文物古迹监测中空间信息技术应用的要点分析及实践探索

Key Points Analysis and Practical Exploration of Spatial Information Technology Application in Cultural Relics and Monuments Monitoring

文物古迹是不可再生的珍贵资源,为了及时发现和处理文物保护中出现的问题,需要借助监测手段。空间信息技术由于具有精度高、范围广、时效快、干预小等优势,成为监测中不可或缺的技术手段。然而,目前在文化遗产监测中往往出现盲目与过度性问题。基于国际世界遗产保护和中国文物古迹保护准则相关理念与要求,分析了空间信息技术在文物古迹监测中的应用需求,提出了若干监测要点,即基于文物价值的风险评估,恰当技术的选择,标准规范的建立等。

Cultural relics and heritage sites are precious resources which are not renewable. It is necessary to detect and deal with the problems arising from the conservation of heritage sites in time by means of monitoring. Because of its high accuracy, wide scope, fast aging and small interference, spatial information technology has become an indispensable technical means in monitoring. However, blind and excessive problems often appear in cultural heritage monitoring so far. Based on the relevant concepts and requirements of the international world heritage conservation and the principles for the conservation of heritage sites in China, the application requirements of spatial information technology in the monitoring of heritage sites are analyzed, and some monitoring points are put forward, that is, the risk assessment based on the value of heritage sites, the selection of appropriate technology, standard establishment and etc.