论我国行政函释效力及适用

The Effectiveness and Application of Interpretation of Administrative Letters in China

面对专门化、技术化的复杂问题,行政机关往往要通过行政公函进一步解释、阐述法律见解,行政函释是属于内部抽象行政行为的范畴,具有准行政立法性质(通常所说的软法)。一般来说,作为行政机关阐明约束内部机构及其公务员执法的统一见解,行政函释仅有内部使用效力,从被解释的母体法律生效之日起形成行政解释适用效力,原始立法权、信赖保护、行政自我拘束理论可以分析行政解释溯及既往的效力,但行政机关适用行政解释可能间接或直接产生外部影响,也有内部外化的可能。人民法院在审查具体行政决定时,可以附带认定行政解释是否合法有效,但审查内容仅涉及行政解释的法律争议而非政策争议。

In the face of complex problems of specialization and technology, administrative organs often explain and elaborate legal opinions through administrative letters. Administrative letter interpretation belongs to the category of internal abstract administrative act, and has quasi administrative legislative nature（usually referred to as soft law）. Generally speaking, as administrative organs clarify the unified view of restricting the enforcement of internal organs and their civil servants, the administrative letter is only valid for internal use, the validity of administrative interpretation shall be formed from the date of the interpretation of the maternal law. The theory of original legislative power, trust protection and administrative self restraint can analyze the effectiveness of administrative interpretation retroactive. However, the application of administrative interpretation by administrative organs may indirectly or directly produce external influences, and there may also be internal and external possibilities. When examining a specific administrative decision, the people＇s court may attach whether the administrative interpretation is lawful and effective,however, the content of the review concerns only the legal disputes of administrative interpretation rather than policy disputes.