珍珠鸡与贵妃鸡鸡肉中营养品质比较

Comparison of Nutritional Quality of Guinea Fowl and Royal Chicken

为比较珍珠鸡和贵妃鸡鸡肉中营养品质差异,以甘肃省渭源县黄香沟牧场养殖的珍珠鸡和贵妃鸡为研究对象,采用国标法对其胸肌和腿肌肉样营养组分、氨基酸组成、脂肪酸组成、肌苷酸(IMP)含量等指标进行了系统比较和分析。结果表明:珍珠鸡肉中粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分含量均显著高于贵妃鸡肉(p <0.05),水分含量显著大于贵妃鸡肉(p <0.05);除了组氨酸以外,珍珠鸡肉中氨基酸含量均大于贵妃鸡肉;贵妃鸡肉中含有29种脂肪酸,珍珠鸡肉中含有32种脂肪酸,其中棕榈酸、亚油酸、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)、亚麻酸、花生四烯酸和二十碳五烯酸(EPA)等含量均显著高于贵妃鸡(p <0.05),油酸、C20∶3n6含量显著低于贵妃鸡(p <0.05)。根据HMSO推荐的∑PUFA n-6/∑PUFA n-3和∑PUFAs/∑SAFAs值,珍珠鸡肉和贵妃鸡肉均符合食品营养健康要求,且以珍珠鸡肉更佳;在4℃冷藏8 h后,珍珠鸡肉中IMP、腺苷二磷酸(ADP)、次黄嘌呤(Hx)、肌苷(HxR)含量显著高于贵妃鸡肉(p <0.05),腺苷三磷酸(ATP)未检出,腺苷一磷酸(AMP)含量差异不显著。综上,珍珠鸡鸡肉营养品质比贵妃鸡鸡肉更佳。

In order to compare the differences in nutritional quality between Guinea fowl and Royal chicken,the Guinea fowls and Royal chicken raised in huangxianggou ranch in weiyuan county of Gansu province were selected.The contents of regular nutritional components,amino acids,fatty acid and IMP content were measured and analyzed by national standard methods to provide theoretical basis for their production and processing.The results showed that the contents of crude protein,crude lipid and crude ash in Guinea fowl were significantly higher than that of Royal chicken（ p〈0.05）,and the content of moisture was higher than that of Royal chicken（ p〈0.05）.The content of all the amino acids excepted histidine in Guinea fowl were higher than that of the Royal chicken. Compared with 29 kinds of fatty acids in the Royal chicken,fatty acids in Guinea fowl were composed with 32 kinds,and the palmitic acid,linoleic acid,DHA,linolenic acid,arachidonic acid and EPA were significantly higher than that of the Royal chicken（ p〈0.05）,while the contents of oleic acid and C20 ∶ 3 n6 were significantly lower than that of the Royal chicken（ p〈0.05）.According to the recommendation of the n-3/n-6 ratio of PUFA and the ratio of PUFAs/SAFAs by HMSO,Guinea fowl was better than Royal chicken for our health.After 8 h in 4 ℃ refrigerated,the content of IMP,ADP,Hx and HxR in Guinea fowl was significantly higher than that of Royal chicken（ p〈0.05）.ATP was not detected,while the differences in AMP content was not significant.Therefore,the meat quality of Guinea fowl would be better than that of Royal chicken for our health.